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Holgate is a suburb and unitary authority ward in the City of York. It is bounded by the River Ouse from Scarborough Bridge to Ouse Acres on its northern boundary. Its western boundary is formed by one side of Carr Lane and Ouse Acres to the junction of York Road/Acomb Road, which forms part of the southern boundary. The remainder of the southern boundary follows Moorgate and Holgate Beck to the East Coast Main Line railway which completes the eastern boundary as far as the River Ouse/Scarborough Bridge.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Holgate Boundaries )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Holgate Boundaries )〕 It contains the National Railway Museum and many historic buildings, including a restored 18th century windmill and a Cold War bunker. It is the site of the former ABB York carriageworks which closed in 1996. A US owned rail company, Thrall Europa, briefly re-opened the works. After that closed in 2002 Network Rail continue to use it as a maintenance depot. ==History== Holgate is mentioned in chronicles as far back as the 14th century. There are many historic buildings within its boundaries, including a restored windmill. The Holgate Mill sits on Windmill Rise.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Holgate Windmill )〕 The current windmill, built in 1770 by George Waud, ceased grinding corn in 1933 and fell into disuse. It has since undergone restoration work overseen by the Holgate windmill Association.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Windmill Restoration )〕 There is also mention of a Hob Moor Water Mill located on Holgate Beck, reportedly demolished or fallen in disrepair by 1723.〔 The York New Waterworks Company, formed in 1846, built their new works at Acomb Landing, just off Boroughbridge Road. It supplied the city of York, Holgate and other nearby areas and although the site has since expanded, it still serves the area as The York Waterworks Company. In 1843, it was recorded that the population of Holgate was a mere 143.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Population )〕 The population of Holgate increased with the building of the Carriageworks in the late 19th century.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Population Growth )〕 For much of its history, Holgate had been considered a township of nearby Acomb being a part of the manor of Acomb.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History )〕 The city boundary of York was expanded by local legislation, in 1884, to include Holgate.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Incorporation )〕 Holgate was home to ''No. 20 Group Royal Observer Corps'' located in a semi-subterranean bunker built in 1961.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=No 20 Gp ROC )〕 It was in use until 1991 and situated behind the Government Building of Shelley House, which has now been redeveloped into residential properties. It has been preserved as a museum by English Heritage working with the York ROC Association and the ''Cold War Bunker Trust'', having been granted Scheduled Ancient Monument status in 2000.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cold War Bunkers )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Holgate, North Yorkshire」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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